Topic — Law & Judiciary

💡 Remember, Navi Mumbai Airport (port 42) facilitates drug imports via Drugs Rules, 1945, specifically Rule 43A.

💡 For the exam: Remember NHRC (monitoring Bonded Labour Act, 1976 since 1997) is addressing 86 cases in Haryana on July 9, 2026, reviewing rehabilitation and e-Shram.

💡 For the exam: Remember the 4 Narmada beneficiary states (MH, GJ, RJ, MP) and the Sardar Sarovar Project as a recent example of cooperative federalism.

💡 NHRC's suo motu action, two-week report from Haryana, highlights ventilator access as a human rights issue.

💡 NHRC's suo motu cognizance of the Bengaluru quarry incident highlights its role in protecting human rights, especially for vulnerable populations.

💡 The Law Ministry's 'Reforms Utsav & Chintan Shivir 2026' culminated in the 'Sankalp Patra' to advance legal reforms towards Viksit Bharat @2047.

💡 Remember: The Mount Abu Declaration (Sankalp Patra) is the Law Ministry's reform roadmap adopted in 2026 for Viksit Bharat @2047.

💡 For the exam: India chairs UNCTAD IGE (9th Session) on consumer protection, focusing on new UN principles and showcasing NCH/e-Jagriti.

💡 Remember: 23 new 'terrorists' designated under UAPA on July 4, 2026, bringing total to 57.

💡 Remember: President appoints three additional judges to Andhra Pradesh High Court on 03 JUL 2026.

💡 Remember: NHRC's suo motu action in Bengaluru creche case, demanding a report from Karnataka Chief Secretary and DGP within two weeks.

💡 Remember: NHRC uses suo motu for human rights violations in medical negligence cases, issuing notices to state chief secretaries.

💡 Remember: 2026 Utsav & Shivir is a Law Ministry event at Mount Abu for Viksit Bharat @2047.

💡 Remember: Drugs Rules, 1945 amendment brings Cell, Gene Therapies, Xenografts under CLAA for uniform regulation.

💡 The NHRC's suo motu action against bonded labor involves notices, a specific inquiry Act (1976), and e-Shram registration.

💡 NHRC's suo motu power protects human rights by demanding reports on tragedies like the Kolkata building collapse from state authorities within two weeks.

💡 For the exam: Industrial Relations Code, 2020 allows Regional Labour Commissioner (Central) to facilitate tripartite settlements.

💡 The National Pharmacy Commission Bill, 2026 proposes replacing the Pharmacy Act, 1948 with the NPC.

💡 Remember: SC ordered status quo for 2025-26 ethanol allocation; E20 programme is national, not an experiment.

💡 Remember GSTAT appeal deadline is 31st July 2026, extended from 30th June 2026 due to technical issues.

💡 For the exam: Remember FCRA 2.0 and e-OCI are MHA-led digital initiatives, streamlining foreign contributions and OCI services respectively, improving monitoring and convenience via tech like Aadhaar and MeghRaj.

💡 Remember: Notary appointments go digital via a Law Ministry portal under the Notaries Act.

💡 For the exam: The Improvement Notice mechanism under the Legal Metrology Act, 2009, introduced by the Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Act, 2026, allows first-time non-compliance correction to boost Ease of Doing Business.

💡 Remember: Medical Devices Rules, 2017 amendments reduce manufacturing licence timelines by 25 days for Class B and 15 days for Class C/D.

💡 The Jan Vishwas Act, 2026, decriminalises minor offences in Drugs and Cosmetics and Food Safety laws.

💡 Remember: Acknowledgement-based import of drugs for testing is simplified, except for specific categories, under the Drugs Rules, 1945.

💡 The Drugs Rules, 1945, Rule 31 amendment changes residual shelf life to 12 months for most imported drugs, except biologics/radiopharmaceuticals (still 60%).

💡 Remember: The Telecommunications Act, 2023, enabled new DoT online portal for telecom authorisations and license migration from June 2026.

💡 The Jan Vishwas Act, 2026, amends the Clinical Establishments Act, 2010, by replacing fines with penalties and strengthening adjudication.

💡 The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare expanded QR code traceability for vaccines, NDPS, and anti-cancer drugs by July 2027, and antimicrobials by July 2028, amending the Drugs Rules, 1945.

💡 The Ministry of Labour & Employment's Special Drive resolved 23 DMRC-related cases, disbursing ₹10.32 Lakh to 12 workers.

💡 For the exam: DISHA 2.0 (Rs. 255 crore, 5 years, AI chatbot) targets 3 crore beneficiaries for 'ease of justice'.

💡 NHRC's suo motu action on the ammonia leak in Tamil Nadu for human rights violations.

💡 Remember CCPA action: '100%' claims must be absolutely factual, not marketing slogans.

💡 For the exam: Remember 16 FDCs banned under Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 Section 26A, based on Supreme Court and Expert Committee recommendations.

💡 Remember: CCS-NIAH, Baghpat, now tests 42 veterinary vaccines as per 2026 amendments.

💡 NHRC intervention for a 16-year-old in Kasna jail highlights issues of wrongful detention under Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita and bail access.

💡 Remember: The NEET UG re-exam on June 21, 2026, had its preparedness reviewed by Dharmendra Pradhan.

💡 The Drugs Rules, 1945 amendment ends cough syrup sale exemptions, mandating licensed pharmacies in ALL villages.

💡 Remember: Reforms Utsav marked 12 years of justice sector reforms, launching the Nyaya Prabodh campaign for legal awareness and leveraging DISHA scheme.

💡 The NHRC can take suo motu cognizance for human rights violations.

💡 The NHRC acts when human rights are violated by social ostracization, demanding reports from state authorities.

💡 Remember: The CAPF (ACs) 2024 reserve list was revised, and new recommendations made due to a Delhi High Court judgment and pending cases.

💡 Remember: The Dharamshala workshop on 15th June 2026 by the Department of Justice launched Nyaya Prabodh and showcased Reforms Utsav.

💡 NHRC acts suo motu on Visakhapatnam steel plant blast deaths, seeking report on safety and compensation.

💡 NHRC issues notices for Surat septic tank deaths; seeks report within two weeks.

💡 Remember: NHRC is tackling digital arrest scams, which account for 8% of Rs 52,976 crore lost to cyber fraud over six years.

💡 For the exam: e-Jagriti's Silver Award at NAeG 2026 highlights its AI-enabled success in consumer grievance redressal since January 2025, achieving over 90% disposal.

💡 Remember: President + Chief Justice = Permanent High Court Judges.

💡 Remember edible oils now have specific standard pack sizes and require both volume and weight declaration, with a three-month transition.

💡 NHRC acts suo motu on human rights violations, issuing notices to district authorities.

💡 The NHRC invoked suo motu cognizance for the Ludhiana manual scavenging incident, seeking a two-week report.

💡 Remember NBA, SBBs/UTBCs, and BMCs (with PBRs) form the 3-tier structure under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002 (amended 2023).

💡 Remember TRAI extended comments deadline to June 12 and counter-comments to June 19 for 2026 telecom redressal draft.

💡 Remember: IICA, 6th PGIP, IBC's 10-year mark, NCLAT Chairperson for the convocation.

💡 Remember: NHRC's 2026 meeting on 'Heat Wave and its Mitigation in Urban Areas' focused on safeguarding human rights via ecosystem protection, construction regulation, and better data.

💡 The National Sports Tribunal (NST), established under the 2025 Act and governed by 2026 Rules, resolves sports disputes from New Delhi.

💡 The NHRC has initiated suo motu action, demanding reports within two weeks, for a 17-year-old tribal girl's trafficking and sexual assault.

💡 For the exam: Remember CCPA action against PhysicsWallah & McAfee highlights Dark Patterns Guidelines, 2023 violations.

💡 President appoints Justice Meenakshi Madan Rai of Sikkim HC as Patna HC CJ from 05.06.2026.

💡 Remember NHRC's suo motu power in cases of human rights violation, specifically for maternal health in Sidhi.

💡 Remember: Five new SC judges appointed under Article 124(2) on June 1, 2026, including four CJs and one Senior Advocate.

💡 The ECI's 2nd National Conference of Counsels on May 31, 2026, focused on strengthening its legal framework.

💡 For the exam: CCPA penalizes coaching for hiding *course type* of successful students under Consumer Protection Act, 2019.

💡 Remember PDUNASS-GNLU's 3-month online 'Labour Laws' programme began 29 May 2026 with 66 participants, bridging legal knowledge and practical implementation.

💡 President appoints three Additional Judges to Karnataka High Court under Article 224(1), with varied tenures.

💡 Remember: NHRC uses suo motu for human rights violations, seeking reports and compensation, as seen in Odisha's Kalahandi incident.

💡 For the exam: Remember IBC's 10-year impact: improved recoveries, reduced timelines, and significant pre-admission settlements since 2016.

💡 Remember: IBC 2016 unified, 2026 Amendment refined, generating ₹4.32 lakh crore in recoveries by March 2026, with CIRP aiming for 180/330 days.

💡 For the exam: The Jan Vishwas Act, 2026, amended Legal Metrology Act, 2009, introducing a registration system, 'Improvement Notices,' and expanded GATCs (state-bound) to boost ease of doing business and consumer protection.

💡 Remember Article 217 governs High Court judge resignations, as seen with Justice Alok Kumar Verma.

💡 Remember NHRC's suo motu power in cases of human rights violations, often involving worker safety.

💡 The CCPA and PESO are cracking down on dangerous online sales.

💡 NHRC's suo motu action for human rights violation post-Dehradun hospital fire death, demanding a report from Uttarakhand officials.

💡 NHRC's suo motu power invoked for Rewari factory blast, seeking report on deaths and compensation.

💡 The NHRC acts suo motu on student human rights violations from untasted mid-day meals.

💡 For the exam: Remember Justice Navlekar chairs the committee investigating demographic changes from illegal immigration, with a one-year report deadline.

💡 Remember: The National Sports Board governs, the National Sports Tribunal resolves disputes, both notified in 2026.

💡 Remember: Pregabalin moved to Schedule H1 (Drugs Rules, 1945) due to misuse, requiring stricter prescription and sales tracking.

💡 BRICS 2026 Gandhinagar Declaration promotes ADR capacity building and reforms.

💡 Remember: The new law targets the *suppliers* of doping, not primarily the *athletes*.

💡 Remember: DRI busted smuggling worth ₹120 crore under the 2019 Act.

💡 NHRC's suo motu power protects environmental activists' rights in Telangana; know dates and key authorities.

💡 NHRC takes suo motu cognizance of a Palghar quarry attack that resulted in a death and injuries, demanding a report within two weeks.

💡 Remember: Legal Metrology Act (2009) is the modern law; NPL (1947) is the national body; SI Units adopted 1957-58.

💡 The IBC Amendment Act 2026 aims to streamline resolution, as DFS workshop noted over ₹4.11 lakh crore realized by Dec 2025.

💡 For the exam: NHRC Advisory 2.0 (2026) targets transgender welfare through census inclusion, legal reviews, and broader rights.

💡 Remember: India chairs 2026 BRICS JMM in Gandhinagar to strengthen ADR.

💡 Remember: The Judges Inquiry Act, 1968 governs inquiry reports by committees constituted by the Lok Sabha Speaker for judges.

💡 Remember: CCPA takes action under Consumer Protection Act, 2019 against misleading ads, imposing fines and ensuring transparency by 2024 guidelines.

💡 Remember: The first installment of 401.50 crore for FY 2026-27 under the CSS for court infrastructure was released on May 13, 2026, with a proposed 'Waiting Hall' component.

💡 For the exam: Remember NHRC focuses on systemic reforms, timely wages, and schemes like One Nation One Ration Card for migrant workers.

💡 Remember: NHAI defended arbitration claims on Panipat–Jalandhar NH-44 for Rs. 819.96 crores net award.

💡 Remember Mehta's book highlights courtroom life and AI challenges, released by Shah with CJI present.

💡 NHAI's digital evidence led to a massive win against a contractor's Rs. 174.49 crore claim on NH-48, awarding only Rs. 54 lakh.

💡 NHRC intervenes over five inmate deaths at a Jharkhand Remand Home since Jan 2026.

💡 NHRC's suo motu action on May 7, 2026, for 19 TB-infected students in Shimla highlights human rights violations.

💡 The NHRC acts on 'suo motu' cognizance, a key power for human rights violations.

💡 Remember, TRAI's 2026 draft is the Fourth Amendment to the 2012 Telecom Consumers Complaint Redressal Regulation, modernizing modes and appeals.

💡 The 2026 Amendment Bill increases SC judge strength to 37 (excluding CJI) from 33.

💡 Remember: The 2026 Bill increases SC judges by 4, from 33 to 37, funded by the Consolidated Fund.

💡 Remember: TRAI extended deadlines for comments on ALTD and FAST services to May 11 and May 25, 2026.

💡 Remember: DRAT/DRT colloquiums by DFS push for e-filing, hybrid hearings, and e-DRT 2.0 to speed up debt recovery.

💡 Remember: PROG Act 2025 + Rules 2026 = Ban on online money games + Online Gaming Authority of India (90-day classification).

💡 NHRC (suo motu) in Bharuch for 16 injured, seeking report from Gujarat officials.

💡 NHRC (21 States + NCT-Delhi) → Advance Heatwave Action → Vulnerable Protection (SOPs/NDMA) → 3712 deaths (2019-23).

💡 Remember: A 3-year fee waiver on all sports IP was announced on World IP Day 2026 for innovation.

💡 Remember CGST Delhi South for the ₹60.59 crore ITC fraud under Section 132 of the CGST Act, 2017.

💡 Remember: TRAI's Telecom Regulations have deadlines of May 5th for comments, May 12th for counter-comments.

💡 Remember AQAP from IICA for certifying arbitrators, aiming to make India an arbitration hub for Viksit Bharat.

💡 Remember PDUNASS (EPFO) and GNLU partnered for a 3-month Labour Law Executive Development Program, with Labour Codes and EPFO compliance at its core.

💡 Post-poll scrutiny of Form 17A in TN and WB ensured no re-polls from over 100,000 polling stations, securing EVMs in strong rooms.

💡 The NHRC acts on sanitation worker deaths, highlighting recurring incidents despite existing Supreme Court and NHRC guidelines.

💡 NHRC's suo motu action on Nanded child drownings (April 16, 2026) involved notices for a two-week report on compensation.

💡 NHRC intervenes after 2026 Odisha school food poisoning, seeking report within two weeks.

💡 Remember: NHRC acts *suo motu* on human rights violations, demanding reports on compensation and victim health.

💡 The NHRC's suo motu cognizance of the Gajapati school gate collapse highlights its role in investigating human rights violations.

💡 For the exam: NHRC suo motu cognizance in Jhabua for human rights violation.

💡 NHRC used suo motu power for firecracker blast in Virudhunagar, seeking report in two weeks.

💡 Remember: April 24th marks the implementation of the 73rd Amendment for Panchayati Raj, making PAI-2.0 a key update.

💡 Remember: Lisa Gill (PHC: Punjab and Haryana) becomes AP High Court CJ on April 25, 2026.

💡 For the exam: Remember the 2026 Online Gaming Rules establish the Online Gaming Authority of India under MeitY with a two-tier appeal mechanism.

💡 Remember the Income Tax Act, 2025 aims for simplified, transparent processes, with outreach to Delhi-NCR schools on April 21, 2026.

💡 For the exam: Remember NCB's increased conviction rate (from 60.5% to 68.6%) and 73 convictions in Q1 2026.

💡 Remember Section 135C of RP Act, 1951 enforces 48-hour dry periods before polls and on counting day for elections.

💡 For the exam: Remember Kapil Chugh and the ₹1,825 crore GST refund fraud involving fake ITC and misdeclared exports.

💡 Remember: 49 (State duty), 7th Schedule (Centre/State lists), 51A(f) (Citizen duty).

💡 MCA reviews Companies (Incorporation) Rules, 2014 and Companies Act, 2013 filing framework, with two separate public consultation deadlines.

💡 Remember: CGST Delhi South arrested a director for Rs. 8 crore ITC fraud under CGST Act, 2017 violations.

💡 The SHANTI Act, 2025 opens nuclear power for private participation, targeting 100 GW.

💡 President appoints 5 Chhattisgarh High Court Additional Judges as Permanent Judges after CJI consultation.

💡 For the exam: Delimitation Bill 2026 increases Lok Sabha seats to 816 (a 50% increase), ensuring more representation for southern states (129 to 195 seats) and a caste census, but only implemented after 2029.

💡 Remember: India is making doping a criminal offence and doubled its tests since 2019.

💡 For the exam: Remember the FIU-IND-PFRDA MoU combats money laundering in the pension sector, aligning with Egmont Principles and PFRDA Act, 2013.

💡 For the exam: FIU-IND and SEBI (signed by Govil and Pradhan) collaborate via an MoU for information sharing, training, and combating money laundering and terror financing.

💡 Remember: NHRC addressed 216 UP bonded labour cases under Justice V. Ramasubramanian.

💡 For the exam: Remember the 17-year-long Shahtoosh case involved CBI and conviction under Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.

💡 Remember: VIS (including Braille AVIS) aids voters but isn't standalone ID; distributed by BLOs 5 days before polls.

💡 For the exam: DoT-SEBI MoU uses FRI/MNRL via DIP for proactive fraud prevention.

💡 Remember the new fee tiers (0x, 2x, 4x) based on overloading percentage, FASTag for payment, and VAHAN reporting.

💡 The NHRC hearing on 16th April 2026 addresses 216 bonded labour cases in UP brick kilns, emphasizing the 1976 Act and e-Shram.

💡 Remember the TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India) extended deadlines for comments on telecom commercial communication regulations to April 19, 2026, and counter-comments to May 4, 2026.

💡 For the exam: VP Radhakrishnan released Sindhi Constitution (21st Amendment, 1967) in both scripts on Sindhi Bhasha Diwas.

💡 Released on Sindhi Bhasha Diwas, the Constitution of India is now available in Sindhi (Devanagari and Persian scripts), aiming for greater linguistic inclusivity.

💡 Remember: NHRC's 12th short film competition entries close June 30, 2026, for films 3-10 minutes on human rights themes.

💡 NHRC's suo motu action for 57 girls in Ahmedabad hostel requires a report within two weeks from Chief Secretary and Police Commissioner.

💡 Remember NHRC's suo motu action regarding illicit liquor in a Bihar school toilet amidst a state-wide ban.

💡 Remember: NHRC acts suo motu on human rights violations, demanding reports on victim status and compensation.

💡 The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (Sep 2023) is crucial for 2029 Lok Sabha elections for empowering Nari Shakti.

💡 NHRC's suo motu power protects against state actor human rights violations, as seen in the Gujarat journalist case.

💡 CCI acted under Competition Act Sections 3(1), 3(3)(d), 27, and 48 against 17 parties for bid rigging in Assam Police electrification tenders.

💡 Remember: 2026 amendments aim for faster mine ops via unified portal, less red tape, and boosted exploration participation.

💡 TRAI's 13th Amendment (2026) mandates proportional voice/SMS-only packs for all validity periods.

💡 For the exam: Remember PM-UDAY (2019) now regularises 1511 Delhi colonies on an 'as-is, where-is' basis, streamlining property rights from April 24, 2026.

💡 The 2026 Minerals Concession Rules allow expanding mining lease areas (10% for ML, 30% for CL) and adding associated minerals without extra cost for critical ones.

💡 For the exam: Remember, Jan Vishwas Bill, 2026 aims for ease of living by replacing criminal penalties for minor offenses across 79 Central Acts with civil ones, exemplified by the 30-day driving license grace period.

💡 For the exam: The Jan Vishwas Bill, 2026 shifts minor health sector violations from criminal penalties to civil monetary penalties with adjudication, reducing litigation.

💡 Remember, Jan Vishwas Bill, 2026 = 'Ease of Living' & 'Ease of Business'.

💡 The Jan Vishwas Bill, 2026 decriminalizes minor offenses to promote 'Ease of Living' and 'Ease of Doing Business'.

💡 Remember Section 126 (1)(b) for the 48-hour silence period prohibition and Section 126A for the specified exit poll ban.

💡 The Jan Vishwas Bill 2026 passed by Parliament decriminalises 717 provisions across 79 Central Acts for Ease of Doing Business.

💡 The Income-tax Act, 2025 replaced the 1961 Act, becoming effective April 1, 2026, after August 2025 assent.

💡 The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2026 designates Amaravati as sole capital of AP, involving 29,000 farmers and ₹56,000 crore projects.

💡 The Biological Diversity (Amendment) Act, 2023 mandated NBA CoRs for IPR, increasing filings from 792 to 885 in a year.

💡 Remember: XV-FC grants (₹1536.14 cr) bolster PRI services (sanitation/water, local needs) across 8 states.

💡 Remember JJ Act 2015 empowers CWCs, DMs, and allows CCI registration cancellation, all monitored under Mission Vatsalya.

💡 Remember SHe-Box (MWCD) for PoSH Act, launched 2024, with SC surveys for ICs directed in 2024-2026.

💡 Remember: Nyaya Setu is an AI chatbot and Dishika its mascot, both from BHASHINI for legal assistance.

💡 Remember Tele-Law is about tech-driven, citizen-centric justice, involving Nyaya Setu (AI chatbot & mascot) and the DISHA Scheme.

💡 For the exam: Remember the Tele-Law consultation's focus on tech-enabled legal services, the launch of Nyaya Setu, and its connection to the DISHA Scheme.

💡 Remember Cinematograph 2023 = tough anti-piracy law, 3 lakh minimum fine, 3 years max jail, and blocking of channels/websites.

💡 For the exam: Remember the Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Bill, 2026 aims to decriminalise 717 provisions in 79 Central Acts for 'ease' initiatives.

💡 NHRC's *suo motu* cognizance for adulterated milk deaths in East Godavari highlights human rights and accountability.

💡 NHRC probing 285 inmate deaths in Chhattisgarh jails, seeking data on overcrowding and medical staff within two weeks.

💡 Remember: NHRC's suo motu power covers human rights violations, demanding reports on victim status and compensation.

💡 Remember: IICA and NLUJAA offer a 2-year, 54-credit LL.M. with 60 seats.

💡 The CCPA advisory under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019 prohibits hotels from default "LPG charges".

💡 Remember: The SH Act, 2013 has broad definitions for 'aggrieved woman', 'employee', and 'workplace' to ensure comprehensive protection.

💡 Remember: POCSO 2012, IT Act 2000/IT Rules 2021, BNS 2023, and the 2-hour removal timeline are key.

💡 Remember, IT Rules (Feb 2026) mandate tech measures, labeling, and rapid removal (3 hours) for unlawful AI-generated content.

💡 Remember IVFRT for its Rs.1800 crore extension until 2031, modernizing immigration and facilitating travel.

💡 Remember: The three new 'Bharatiya' criminal laws focus on victim-centricity, technology, and strict timelines for faster resolution.

💡 NHRC acts suo motu on Raipur septic tank deaths, demands two-week report from DM and SSP.

💡 The NHRC acts suo motu on the Palam fire, seeking reports on delays and compensation.

💡 Remember: Article 244 + Fifth Schedule = Governor's powers + TACs for Scheduled Areas governance.

💡 Remember: FRA implementation is State/UT responsibility, with MoTA overseeing and encouraging timely claim processing.

💡 Remember: Provisional keys and moderation details from 2026, marks after final results, and QPRep for challenges.

💡 Remember: RTI appeals flow from PIO to First Appellate to CIC; complaints go directly to CIC/SIC; and rejection rates have fallen from 7.21% to 3.26%.

💡 Remember DISHA and its initiatives: Tele-Law (tech legal advice), Nyaya Bandhu (pro bono), and tribal customary law e-books.

💡 Remember DISHA (a Central Sector Scheme) implements Tele-Law for justice access, launching e-books and a documentary at its 2026 workshop.

💡 NHRC's suo motu power is for human rights violations, demanding reports on negligence and compensation within two weeks.

💡 NHRC uses 'suo motu' cognizance to investigate human rights violations from negligence in education.

💡 NDC, established on 19 March 2026, replaces the DCI and 1948 Dentists Act, led by Dr. Sanjay Tewari.

💡 Postal ballots for >85s, PwDs, essential services (including media), and service voters; apply via Form 12D within 5 days.

💡 Remember: Online Gaming Act, 2025 = no online money games, Online Gaming Authority = regulates.

💡 Remember: The 2023 Cinematograph Act enables 3-year jail and 5% fine for piracy, leading to 3,142 Telegram channels and 800 websites being targeted.

💡 NAFIS, NFIES, CyTrain, and the National Forensic Data Centre are key initiatives for India's forensic advancements.

💡 For the exam: CARA ensures ethical adoption (procedures, records, identity) under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 and Adoption Regulations, 2022.

💡 Remember CCI's focus on digital, AI, and regulatory updates from 2023 to 2026 with key figures.

💡 Remember the 162nd Report for its critical assessment of Justice Department's budget, infrastructure schemes, and the functioning of Gram Nyayalayas.

💡 Remember: The 163rd Report addressed budgetary estimates (2026-27) and vacancies/obsolete laws for the Legislative Dept. and ECI.

💡 The 164th Report by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law and Justice on Demands for Grants (2026-27) highlights budget shortfalls and recommends measures for the Department of Legal Affairs, ILS vacancies, Notaries, and the Law Commission of India.

💡 Tele-Law (DISHA) leverages CSCs, helpline 14454, and Nyaya Bandhu advocates for accessible legal aid.

💡 For the exam: Remember the 2026 Electricity (Amendment) Rules simplify Captive Generating Plant (CGP) ownership, verification by NLDC/state agencies, and address surcharges.

💡 NHRC (suo motu) → Manipur woman assault (Delhi) → Police report (2 weeks).

💡 NHRC (suo motu) addresses missing persons and trafficking in five key states (Bihar, Odisha, Telangana, Maharashtra, Rajasthan) by seeking reports from Chief Secretaries, DGPs, and NCRB within two weeks.

💡 NHRC acts suo motu for worker rights, demanding a report on a Gurugram collapse within two weeks.

💡 The NHRC uses suo motu power to investigate alleged human rights violations from medical negligence.

💡 Remember: CBFC went digital in 2017, and the 2024 Rules cap member tenure at 3 years.

💡 Remember eCourts Phase-III is the umbrella, with AI Committee leading, and LegRAA and Digital Courts 2.1 as key AI tools.

💡 LIMBS (Legal Information Management and Briefing System) helps the Union of India manage its court cases digitally since February 2016.

💡 For the exam: Remember DISHA, Tele-Law, Nyaya Bandhu, and LADCS are key government initiatives under NALSA for legal aid.

💡 Remember: NALSA = LSA Act 1987 + Lok Adalats + LADCS + Awareness for free legal services.

💡 Lok Adalat awards are final decrees under LSA Act, reducing appeals and clearing crores of cases annually.

💡 Remember the e-Courts Project Phase III by its digital advancements: digitization, Virtual Courts, VC, live streaming, e-filing, NJDG, CIS 4.0, NSTEP, and Digital Courts 2.1.

💡 Remember the *Centrally Sponsored Scheme* for *judicial infrastructure* (1993-94) and the *eCourts Project* for digitalization.

💡 For the exam: Remember e-Courts focuses on digitisation, virtual courts, and VC to increase disposal and institution rates.

💡 Remember the e-Courts Project's goal: digitization (660.36 cr. pages), accessibility (2,444 eSewaKendras), upgraded tech (CIS 4.0), and a large Phase III budget (₹7,210 crore).

💡 BNS gives precedence to women & child safety with stricter punishments and tech-backed victim protection.

💡 Remember: IT Act (removal), DPDP Act (consent, no tracking), AI Guidelines (vulnerable children), NCPCR (studies, guidelines), and Cybercrime Portal/I4C (reporting, blocking CSAM) are key to child protection in the AI era.

💡 The Drugs Rules, 1945 amendment (GSR 164(E), 9th March 2026) removes duplicate viral testing for blood products for harmonization.

💡 Remember: Prisons are a State subject (Entry 4, List II), MHA provides a Model Prison Manual 2016 for guidance, and NCRB publishes prison statistics.

💡 For the exam: BNSS, 2023 enables electronic evidence (Sec 254, 265, 266) and virtual trials (Sec 530) via Nyaya-Shruti.

💡 Remember: TRAI's 2026 Manual for digital broadcasting audits starts April 1, 2026.

💡 Remember: UPSC clarified Rank 301 for CSE 2025 with specific Roll No. 0856794.

💡 Remember: fraudulent ITC via bogus invoices violates CGST Act, 2017 Sections 16 and 132.

💡 Remember NHRC's suo motu power can lead to MEA's swift action in protecting citizens abroad.

💡 Remember NHRC's suo motu action for the Palghar oleum gas leak on March 2nd, 2026, affecting 2,600 people.

💡 For the exam: NHRC's suo motu cognizance of Indore sanitation worker deaths highlights human rights violations.

💡 Remember: NHRC's suo motu action on human rights violations in the Nagpur factory explosion.

💡 Remember: IICA's 'Meet the Legend' for PGIP covered GST, PMLA & IBC interplay, citing Swiss Ribbons, Ghanashyam Mishra, and Manish Kumar cases, and Section 32A.

💡 The NHRC takes suo motu action, seeking reports on human rights violations.

💡 NHRC's suo motu power protects human rights against medical negligence, demanding reports from state authorities.

💡 Remember: 7 Additional Judges elevated to Permanent Judges in Kerala High Court by President (after CJI consultation).